Ecological Succession of Breeding Bird Communities in Deciduous and Coniferous Forests in the Sopron Mountains, Hungary
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.37045/aslh-2005-0004Keywords:
bird communities, succession, vegetation structure, habitat, clear-cut, madárközösségek, szukcesszió, vegetáció-szerkezet, tarvágásAbstract
The relationship between breeding bird communities and different phases of secondary succession of deciduous (sessile oak – Quercus petraea) and coniferous (spruce – Picea abies) forests in the Sopron Mountains was studied. The bird censi have been carried out in 5 different successional stages using the “double-visit fixed-radius point count technique”. A total of 38 bird species were encountered. There are typical bird communities to order to different stages of forest succession, containing unique bird species or species appearing predominantly in that successional stage. The study has shown structural changes in breeding bird communities during the succession. Bird species richness, density and diversity showed the same trends. Their numerical values were the lowest in the clear-cut areas with young (1-2 year old) plantations, and the highest in the mature stands. After a starting increase (shrub stage) there is a slight decline (10-12 year old stands) because of the canopy closure of the young trees. Further decrease can be observed in the low pole stands, as these habitats are no longer appropriate for species nesting in shrubs and not yet suitable for the hole-nesting ones. Species richness, density and diversity were lower in early pole and older spruce stands than in the corresponding oak stands.
References
BEZZEL, E. (1990): „Vogelsukzessionen” auf Kleinflächen: Daten einer 22-jährigen Beobachtungsreihe. Die Vogelwelt Jg. 111: 46-59.
BLICKE, G. (1982): Breeding songbird community structure: influences of plot size and vegetation structure. Acta Oecologica, Oecol. Gen. 3: 511-521.
BLONDEL, J. – FERRY, C. – FROCHOT, B. (1970): La méthode des indices ponctuels d’abondance (IPA) ou des relevés d’avifaune par „station d’écoute”. Alauda 38: 55-7.
CODY, M. L. (1974): Competition and the structure of bird communities. Series: Monographs in Population Biology. Princeton Univ. Press. Princeton. 326 p.
FACCIO, S. D. (2003): Effects of ice storm-created gaps on forest breeding bird communities in central Vermont. Forest Ecology and Management 186: 133-145.
GLOWACINSKI, Z (1975): Succession of bird communities in the Niepołomice Forest (Southern Poland). Ekologia Polska 23(2): 231-263.
GLOWACINSKI, Z (1981): Stability in bird communities during the secondary succession of a forest ecosystem. Ekologia Polska 29: 73-95.
HELLE, P. (1985): Effects of forest regeneration on the structure of bird communities in northern Finland. Holarct. Ecol. 8: 120-132.
HELLE, P. – MÖNKKÖNEN, M. (1990): Forest succession and bird communities: theoretical aspects and practical implications. In: Keast, A. (ed.): Biogeography and ecology of forest bird communities. The Hague, SPB Academic Publishing. 299-318.
HUTCHESON, K. (1970): A test for comparing diversities based on the Shannon formula. Journal of Theor. Biology 29: 151-154.
JAMES, F. C. – RATHBUN, S. (1981): Rarefaction, relative abundance, and diversity of avian communities. Auk 98: 785-800.
JONES, P. H. (1972): Succession in breeding bird populations of sample Welsh oakwoods. British Birds 65: 291-299.
KÁRPÁTI, L. (1984): Jelenségek. [Phenomena]. Madártani Tájékoztató 1984. April-June: 86-87 (in Hung.)
KREBS, J. R. (1971): Territory and breeding density in the great tit, Parus major L. Ecology 52: 2-22.
LANG, C. – SCHERZINGER, W. – KONOLD, W. (2003): Sukzession der Avifauna auf Störungsflächen im Nationalpark Bayerischer Wald. Ornithologischer Anzeiger 42(1): 1-15.
MACARTHUR, R. H. – MACARTHUR, J. W. (1961): On bird species diversity. Ecology 42(3): 594-598.
MAY, P. G. (1982): Secondary succession and breeding bird community structure: patterns of resource utilization. Oecologia 55: 208-216.
MOSKÁT, CS. (1986): Madárszámlálási módszerek hatékonyságának vizsgálata a Pilishegységben. [Efficiency of some bird census methods in the Pilis Mountains]. Állattani Közlemények 73: 251-261 (in Hungarian)
MOSKÁT, CS. (1988a): Breeding bird community and vegetation structure in a beech forest in the Pilis-Montains, N. Hungary. Aquila 95: 105-112.
MOSKÁT, CS. (1988b): Diverzitás és rarefaction. [Diversity and rarefaction]. Aquila 95: 97-103 (in Hungarian)
MOSKÁT, CS. – SZÉKELY, T. (1989): Habitat distribution of breeding birds in relation to forest succession. Folia Zoologica 38(4): 363-376.
PIELOU, E. C. (1966): The measurement of diversity in different types of biological collection. Journal of Theor. Biology 13: 131-144.
RALPH, C. J. (1985): Habitat association patterns of forest and steppe birds of northern Patagonia. The Condor 87: 471-483.
RUMBLE, M. A. – GOBEILLE, J. E. (1998): Bird community relationship to succession in green ash (Fraxinus pennsylvanica) Woodlands. Am. Midl. Nat. 140: 372-381.
SCHWAB, F. E. – SINCLAIR, A. R. E. (1994): Biodiversity of diurnal breeding bird communities related to succession in the dry douglas-fir forests of southeastern British Columbia. Can. J. For. Res. 24:2034-2040.
SHUGART, H. H. – JAMES, D. (1973): Ecological succession of breeding bird populations in Northwestern Arkansas. Auk 90: 62-77.
WHELAN, C. (2000): Foliage structure influences foraging of insectivorous forest birds: an experimental study. Ecology 82: 219-231.
WIENS, J. A. – ROTENBERRY, J. T. (1981): Habitat associations and community structure of birds in shrubsteppe environments. Ecol. Mon. 51: 21-41.
WILSON, M. F. (1974): Avian community organization and habitat structure. Ecology 55: 1017-1029.
WINKLER, D. (2001): Adatok a lappantyú (Caprimulgus europeaus L.) habitat-választásához és költésbiológiájához. [New data on the habitat choice and breeding biology of nightjar (Caprimulgus europaeus L.)]. Az Erdőmérnöki Kar Tudományos Konferenciájának előadásai. NYME, Sopron. 53-58 (in Hungarian)
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2005 Acta Silvatica & Lignaria Hungarica
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
ACTA SILVATICA & LIGNARIA HUNGARICA 