Post-epidemic Situation of a Previously Phytophthora alni-infected Common Alder Stand
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1515/aslh-2015-0002Keywords:
Root and collar rot of alder, soilborne pathogen, Phytophthora alni, Phytophthora taxon Raspberry, Phytophthora lacustris, éger gyökér és gyökfő betegsége, talajlakó kórokozóAbstract
This paper reports on the current situation of the Phytophthora species occurring in a declining common alder (Alnus glutinosa) stand in North-West Hungary. The stand was affected by a severe epidemic caused by Phytophthora alni in the late 1990s. The authors evaluated the health condition of the forest stand and collected soil samples from the rhizosphere of twenty selected trees two times per year in 2011 and in 2012 in order to isolate Phytophthora species. A diverse Phytophthora community was found in the soil consisting of eight species with different aggressiveness and with different ecological demands. Pathogenicity tests confirmed the role of the collected strains in the decline of the alder stand.
References
BRASIER, C. M. – ROSE, J. – GIBBS, J. N. (1995): An unusual Phytophthora associated with widespread alder mortality in Britain. Plant Pathology 44: 999–1007.
BRASIER, C. M. – COOKE, D. E. L. – DUNCAN, J. M. (1999): Origin of a new Phytophthora pathogen through interspecific hybridization. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 96: 5878–5883.
BRASIER, C. M. – KIRK, S. A. (2001): Comparative aggressiveness of standard and variant hybrid alder Phytophthoras, Phytophthora cambivora and other Phytophthora species on bark of Alnus, Quercus and other woody hosts. Plant Pathology 50: 218–229.
BRASIER, C. M. – SANCHEZ–HERNANDEZ, E. – KIRK, S. A. (2003): Phytophthora inundata sp. nov., a part heterothallic pathogen of trees and shrubs in wet or flooded soils. Mycological Research 107 (4): 477–484.
BRASIER, C. M. – KIRK, S. A. – DELCAN, J. – COOKE, D. E. L. – JUNG, T. – MAN IN’T VELD, W.A. (2004): Phytophthora alni sp. nov. and its variants: designation of emerging heteroploid hybrid pathogens spreading on Alnus trees. Mycological Research 108(10): 1172–1184.
BELBAHRI L. – MORALEJO E. – CALMIN G. – OSZAKO T. – GARCÍA J. A – DESCALS E. – LEFORT F. (2006): Phytophthora polonica, a new species isolated from declining Alnus glutinosa stands in Poland. FEMS Microbiology Letters. 261(2): 165–174.
CECH, T. L. (1998): Phytophthora decline of alder (Alnus spp.) in Europe. Journal of Arboriculture 24(6):339–343.
CERNY, K. – GREGOROVÁ, B. – STRNADOVÁ, V. – HOLUB, V. – TOMSOVSKY, M. – CERVENKA, M. (2008): Phytophthora alni causing decline of black and grey alders in the Czech Republic. Plant Pathology 57: 370.
ELEGBEDE, C. F. – PIERRAT, J. C. – AGUAYO, J. – HUSSON, C. – HALKETT, F. – MARCAIS, B. (2010): A Statistical Model to Detect Asymptomatic Infectious Individuals with an Application in the Phytophthora alni-Induced Alder Decline. Phytopathology 100(11): 1262–1269.
JUNG, T. – BLASCHKE, M. (2004): Phytophthora root and collar rot of alders in Bavaria: distribution, modes of spread and possible management strategies. Plant Pathology 53: 197–208.
JUNG, T. – STUKELY, M. J. C. – HARDY, G. E. St. J. – WHITE, D. – PAAP, T. – DUNSTAN, W. A. – BURGESS, T. I. (2011): Multiple new Phytophthora species from ITS Clade 6 associated with natural ecosystems in Australia: evolutionary and ecological implications. Persoonia 26:13–39.
KOLTAY, A. (2007): New results of the research on the alder Phytophthora disease in Hungarian alder stands. Acta Silvatica & Lignaria Hungarica Special Edition (2007): 209–213.
KOVÁCS, J. – LAKATOS, F. – SZABÓ, I. (2013): Occurrence and diversity of soilborne Phytophthoras in a declining black walnut stand in Hungary. Acta Silvatica & Lignaria Hungarica 9: 57–69.
MARCAIS, B. – HUSSON, C. (2014): Phytophthora on Alnus spp. (alders), JKI Data Sheets – Plant Diseases and Diagnosis:79 doi:10.5073/jkidspdd.2013.079; http://pub.jki.bund.de/index.php/dsPDD/article/view/2428/2742
NAGY Z. Á. – BAKONYI J. – ÉRSEK T. (2003): Standard and Swedish variant types of the hybrid alder Phytophthora attacking alder in Hungary, Pest Management Science 59(4): 484–492.
NECHWATAL, J. – BAKONYI, J. – CACCIOLA, S. O. – COOKE, D. E. L. – JUNG, T. – NAGY, Z. Á. – VANNINI, A. – VETTRAINO, A. M. – BRASIER, C. M. (2013): The morphology, behaviour and molecular phylogeny of Phytophthora taxon Salixsoil and its redesignation as Phytophthora lacustris sp. nov. Plant Pathology 62: 355–369.
OSSWALD, W. – FLEISCHMANN, F. – RIGLING, D. – COELHO, A. C. – CRAVADOR, A. – DIEZ, J. – DALIO, R. – HORTA JUNG, M. – PFLANZ, H. – ROBIN, C. – SIPOS, Gy. – SOLLA, A. – CECH, T. – CHAMBERY, A. – DIAMANDIS, S. – HANSEN, E. – JUNG, T. – ORLIKOWSKI, L. – PARKE, J. – PROSPERO, S. – WERRES, S. (2014): Strategies of attack and defense in Phytophthora-woody plant interactions. Forest Pathology 44(3): 169–190.
OSZAKO T. (2010): Contribution of Phytophthora spp. in the phenomenon of alder decline in Poland. Phytopathologia 57: 53–62.
SAFAIEFARAHANI, B. – MOSTOWFIZADEH-GHALAMFARSA, R. – COOKE, D. E. L. (2013): Characterisation of Phytophthora inundata according to host range, morphological variation and multigene molecular phylogeny. Phytopathologia Mediterranea 52(1): 46–65.
STATSOFT. Inc. (2012): STATISTICA (data analysis software system), version 11; www.statsoft.com
SZABÓ, I. – NAGY, Z. – BAKONYI, J. – ÉRSEK , T. (2000): First report of Phytophthora root and collar rot of alder in Hungary. Plant Disease 84(11): 1251.
SZABÓ, I. – LAKATOS, F. (2008): Pusztuló erdőállományokból izolált Phytophthora fajok Magyarországon. [Phytophthora species isolated from declining forests in Hungary] Növényvédelem 44(12): 607–613. (In Hungarian with English abstract).
SZABÓ, I. – LAKATOS, F. – SIPOS, Gy. (2013): Occurrence of soilborne Phytophthora species in declining broadleaved forests in Hungary. European Journal of Plant Pathology 137: 159–168.
WERRES, S. – HAHN, R. – THEMANN, K. (1998): Erlensterben. AFZ/Der Wald 10: 548–549.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2015 Acta Silvatica & Lignaria Hungarica

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
ACTA SILVATICA & LIGNARIA HUNGARICA